The IL-1β and TNF- α are two key pro-inflammatory CKs (26, 27).The serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in healthy controls in our study were below the sensitivity levels of our assay, but other studies have reported an increase in their levels in IBD patients in comparison with healthy people especially for TNF-α levels (26, 28). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and inflammatory bowel disease.