PTEN and Familial prostate cancer: Although deregulation of PI3 Kinase-Akt pathway as a result of PTEN mutation is one of the major cause for prostate cancer [1, 54, 55], enhanced expression and activity as well as changes in intracellular localization of both GSK-3α and GSK-3β have also been correlated with the Gleason score of the prostate cancer patients [23], once again suggesting that an Akt-independent pathway does exist in prostate cancer cells in the regulation of GSK-3 activity.