CART cells incubated in the presence of primary AML blasts undergo proliferation, release of inflammatory cytokines and induced the killing of leukemic cells; in NOD-SCID-IL2Rγ-/- (NSG) mice engrafted with either leukemic cell lines or primary leukemic blasts, CART 123 treatment induced the eradication or a marked inhibtion of leukemic growth, respectively; CART 123 immunotherapy of NSG mice reconstituted with normal human CD34+ cells resulted in a non-complete eradication of human bone marow cells [72]. Here, CD34 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.