Emerging studies of the pathological mechanisms of gout, pseudogout, and its relationship with neurological diseases have provided insight into the underlying mechanisms of MSU in gout, calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate in pseudogout, and amyloid β in AD as induced NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase-1 activation-mediated inflammatory pathologies. Here, NLRP3 is linked to Alzheimer disease.