Although the addition of the A/HKx31[H3N2] influenza strain did not induce an exacerbation phenotype as measured by inflammatory cell counts and AHR, the viral infection reduced the efficacy of fluticasone to resolve the lung inflammation and AHR induced by HDM resulting in elevated BAL cells and AHR, both features of an exacerbation. Here, AHR is linked to viral infectious disease.