Adjusting for covariates including metabolic syndrome components, cardiovascular risk factors, eGFR, poverty:income ratio, smoking status, CRP, hemoglobin, calcium, time of day of venepuncture, diabetes, diuretic use, season of measurement, and 25(OH)D (model 4) strengthened these associations, with statistically significant increases in ACR in the highest three quintiles of serum PTH (1.11, 1.11 and 1.19 fold respectively). Here, CRP is linked to diabetes mellitus.