In addition, it has been observed in randomized controlled trials that treatment of PCOS patients with anti-diabetic medication as metformin [25,26], rosiglitazone [27], and pioglitazone [28], in addition to reductions in secretion of insulin and improvement in its action on glucose metabolism, also increases the adiponectin levels in circulation. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.