VCAM1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Third, the significant expression alterations of ET-1, CGRP, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and P-selectin occurs in emotion center (partial temporal cortex and hippocampus of the limbic lobe), cerebral splanchno-motor center (partial M1, M2 and RSA in the frontal cortex), and neuroendocrine center (partial nuclei in the hypothalamus and inferior thalamus), which might directly or indirectly mediate expression of these factors in T2DM via the central nervous system.