CD4 and urinary bladder cancer: In bladder cancer patients treated preoperatively with ipilimumab, CD4+ and CD8+ ICOShi T cells were increased compared with baseline, and patients with clinical benefit at week 24 had persistent elevation in the percentage of CD4+ICOShi T cells; only 1/7patients with progressive disease or death at week 24 had persistent elevation in the percentage of CD4+ICOShi T cells [35].