KCa3.1 has also been implicated in the control of cell proliferation in rat mesenchymal stem cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), hepatocellular carcinoma cells as well as endometrial and prostate cancer cells [45,46,65–68], although in glioma cells KCa3.1 knockdown abolished the current but did not affect proliferation [69]. This evidence concerns the gene KCNN4 and prostate carcinoma.