In T2DM, total EI remains one of the most important factors to consider for both glycaemic and weight control,4 as increased energy consumption directly induces insulin resistance.23 Moderate energy restriction results in clinically significant weight loss with concurrent reductions in waist circumference24 and has been shown to improve glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity and reduce the need for diabetes medications.2 Reported EI did not differ significantly between the case and control subjects in the current study and the removal of energy under-reporters did not alter the results. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.