TLR9 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease in which recognition of endogenous ssRNA and dsDNA by TLR7 and TLR9 is an important pathogenic step for the induction of the IFN Signature and the production of autoantibodies against many self-antigens, including dsDNA [5], [71].