NOD1 and bacterial infectious disease: This review will focus on the recent advances on the role of NFAT/calcineurin signaling and its interplay with NOD1-mediated phagocytic functions in the regulation of innate immune responses in myeloid cells, and on the adverse effects of calcineurin inhibitors on altered NFAT/calcineurin-dependent innate immune response, which may sensitize kidney grafts to fungal and bacterial infections.