By contrast, Fn14 expression in healthy tissues, including the vasculature and heart, is usually low or undetectable, although it is rapidly and highly upregulated under pathological conditions as demonstrated in experimental models of chronic liver injury (14), myocardial infarction (15), colitis (16), denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy (17), restenosis after balloon injury (4), atherosclerosis (18), autoimmune encephalomyelitis (19), acute kidney injury (20), and cardiac dysfunction (21). The gene discussed is TNFRSF12A; the disease is atherosclerosis.