SLC9A1 and cardiac hypertrophy: Furthermore, it was shown that chronic NHE-1 inhibition, which attenuates [Na+]i overload, restrains Ca2+ activated pro-hypertrophic intracellular pathways and reverses myocardial remodeling, leading to prevention or reversion of cardiac hypertrophy (Kusumoto et al., 2001; Camilion De Hurtado et al., 2002; Engelhardt et al., 2002; Ennis et al., 2003).