In this report, we will review work pertaining to the responses of IPF lung fibroblasts to the cytokines, CCL21 and IL6, and to the pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP), hypomethylated CpG DNA (hereon referred to as CpG-ODN), and its receptor TLR9. The gene discussed is CCL21; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.