GDNF and Parkinson disease: In addition to our previous demonstrations that these cells produce BDNF and GDNF (Davies et al, 2008, 2011), we now found that GDAsBMP also produce other compounds of great interest in PD therapy, including neurotrophic factors (neurturin, IGF-1 and IGF-2), modulators of synaptogenesis (THBS1, THBS2) and antioxidants such as glutathione.