TNF and malaria: Host responses mediated by inflammatory cytokines such as TNF (Grau et al.1987), LT-α (Engwerda et al.2002), IFN-γ (Grau et al.1989) and effector cells such as CD4+ (Grau et al.1986; Yanez et al.1996; Villegas-Mendez et al.2012) and CD8+ T cells (Belnoue et al.2002; Nitcheu et al.2003), NKT cells (Hansen et al.2003) and NK cells (Hansen et al.2007; Ryg-Cornejo et al.2013) have been shown to contribute to severe malaria in this model.