Induction and activation of the profibrotic cytokine TGF-β in the kidney, either alone or in combination with other cytokines such as epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-2 or angiotensin II, induces kidney damage through a range of pathobiological processes, including EMT, apoptosis and fibrosis (reviewed [39]). This evidence concerns the gene FGF2 and Nephropathy.