TNF and diabetes mellitus: Figure 4 shows the TNF-induced increment in peak BK response in the 7 original control donors and the 10 original diabetic donors, plus 3 non-diabetic siblings of the diabetic donors. Interestingly, cells from donors whose siblings are diabetic exhibited a response that fell in between that of cells from donors with vs. without diabetes (p<0.001 between any group). This intermediate Ca2+ response to bradykinin from siblings of diabetics suggests that Ca2+ mobilization can be altered even in the presence of apparently healthy insulin response to glucose.