Particularly strong colocalization of C/EBPβ immunoreactivity with Aβ deposits and Aβ immunoreactive microvessels, profuse immunoreactivity in pathologically-vulnerable regions of the AD brain compared to relatively weak staining in those same regions of ND brain or pathologically-spared regions of the AD brain, and significant C/EBPβ increases in AD cortex compared to ND cortex by Western blot analysis collectively suggest that upregulation of C/EPBβ in the AD brain may be pathophysiologically relevant. This evidence concerns the gene CEBPB and Alzheimer disease.