Our current view of the NF1 bone pathology, based on the analysis of growth plate chondrocyte, osteoblast and osteoclast dysfunction, is that increased bone turnover and an imbalance between extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and mineralization cause the NF1 skeletal manifestations [11], [13], [14], [15]. The gene discussed is NF1; the disease is neurofibromatosis type 1.