It is important to note the lesser prevalence of IF in relation to other diseases such as IBD, PSC or ankylosing spondylitis, where CARD9 has been shown to be relevant to the underlying inflammatory processes.[7] Therefore, our study highlights the need for larger multi-center studies to validate the results and further investigate the pathophysiology behind these observations. The gene discussed is CARD9; the disease is ankylosing spondylitis.