Considering that NEFH methylation or altered expression have not been reported for cancers other than ESCC thus far, our findings of hypermethylation taking place both in RCC as a highly malignant tumor and in tumor cell lines from mammary, prostatic, and urothelial cancers further underline the potential relevance of NEFH in carcinogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene NEFH and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.