The R3i issues four recommendations: (i) education is needed to improve awareness of atherogenic dyslipidaemia as a key driver of lipid-related residual cardiovascular risk, especially in high-risk patients with insulin-resistant conditions; (ii) non-HDL cholesterol is the preferred target for treatment decisions relating to atherogenic dyslipidaemia; (iii) the addition of a fibrate, niacin (North and South America), omega-3 fatty acids or ezetimibe to statin therapy are approaches to reduce non-HDL cholesterol. Here, INS is linked to inherited lipid metabolism disorder.