TLR2 and ischemia: Given that TLR2 and TLR4 play an active role in modulating the production of neurotoxic cytokines during the course of brain damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion [34], we also comparedthe changes in TLR2 and TLR4 between the 2 and 4.5 hour ischemia group when ischemic postconditioning was administered.