As the pathogenesis of NAFLD is related to insulin resistance and oxidative stress, its therapeutic management currently includes insulin sensitisers, anti-oxidants as well as hepatoprotective drugs, which have shown promise in randomised controlled trials (Belfort et al., 2006; Harrison et al., 2003; Dufour et al., 2006). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.