The use of interferon-a (INF) in chronic myeloid leukemia, when it started in the 80s, was considered as a breakthrough in the therapy of this disease; INF administered alone or in combination with aracytin was the standard choice for treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients unfit for bone marrow transplantation. The gene discussed is CBLIF; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.