Figure 6B shows representative data wherein majority of CD4+CD25hi cells showed phosphorylated STAT5A in lepromatous leprosy with Mean% ± SD of 92.83±5.79 as compared to lower numbers in tuberculoid leprosy (14.27%±1.73%) patients. Furthermore, >90% of TGF-β+ cells belonged to the p-STAT5+ population indicating the importance of phosphorylation of this transcription factor for inducing the inhibitory cytokine. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and lepromatous leprosy.