TGFB1 and leprosy: To understand the nature and development of FOXP3+cells in leprosy, we combined gene expression for a wide variety of markers and transcription markers associated with Treg cells with flow cytometry for phenotypic characterization and ELISA for relevant cytokines in in vitro antigen stimulated PBMC cultures Increase in gene expression of Treg signatures, FOXP3, TGF-β and IL-10 was observed in lepromatous as compared to tuberculoid patients.