A role for Th17 cells in murine lupus was demonstrated with the success of an anti-CD3 antibody in symptom improvement whose effects were dependent on decreased IL-17 production and a decrease in Th17 kidney-infiltrating cells; tolerance was correlated with decreased levels of IL-6 production but an increase in TGFβ and regulatory T cells [197]. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.