It is remarkable that alpha-crystallin B [38] and aconitate hydratase [39], which are overexpressed in response to ischaemic microenvironment, and uridin diphospho-glucose pyrophosphorylase, a glycogen synthesizing enzyme [37], were up-regulated in the presence of reduced capillary density, minimal interstitial fibrosis and Cx-43 depletion in IVS-DCM. This evidence concerns the gene CRYAB and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.