Randomized controlled trials in low-birth weight, precocious-puberty girls have shown that administration of metformin, an insulin-sensitizing medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes, delayed age at menarche and improved post-menarcheal (up to 15 years of age) insulin resistance, inflammation, liver fat content, and other pernicious metabolic parameters [39-42]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.