Recent studies demonstrated that elevated PAI-1 activity was related to atherosclerosis, and was an independent predictor of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction.20,21 The PAI-1 gene is located on 7q21.3-22 and polymorphism of the 4G/5G gene is located in the PAI-1 gene promoter region. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and atherosclerosis.