Nevertheless, in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, a direct KLF4-mediated downregulation of CDH1 was observed, downstream of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as scatter factor/SF)-induced cell scattering (Fig 2). Here, HGF is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.