TGFB1 and atrial fibrillation: Fibroblasts treated with SW620-S or TGF-β1 in the presence of AF partially inhibited the IGFBP7 induced by SW620-S or TGF-β1 alone, which indicated that TGF-β1 was the main, but not the only, factor that induced IGFBP7 (Figure 2F).