The nondesmosomal proteins related to ARVD/C are desmin (DES), transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43), transforming growth factor β-3 (TGFβ3), lamin-A/C (LMNA), titin (TTN), phospholamban (PLN), and α-T-catenin (CTNNA3). This evidence concerns the gene PLN and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.