TNF and myeloid sarcoma: Microglia, macrophages, and astrocytes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS by secreting a number of molecules, such as the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, which act as inflammatory mediators and/or tissue damaging agents Stanislaus et al., 2002) CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes can also produce TNF-α and IFN-γ, which could further induce a local influx of inflammatory cells and worsen EAE disease progression (Garay et al., 2007).