Many reports suggest that increasing of Trx1 and decreasing of Txnip expression is beneficial for preventing hyper inflammation, neurodegeneration, and progression of diabetes, while there is the risk to increase the chance of incidents for gastric (105–107), lung (108), and liver (30, 95, 96) cancer, especially with reduction of Txnip expression (Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene TXNIP and diabetes mellitus.