NLRP3 and infection: The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in shaping the T cell response to Schistosoma mansoni has been studied (101); the authors found that both ASC- and NLRP3-deficient mice failed to upregulate IL-1β in the liver and all parasite-specific helper T cell responses (Th1, Th2, and Th17) were reduced after infection compared to wild type controls.