The anti–CTLA-4 mAb tremelimumab administered with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) TKI sunitinib produced PRs in 9/21 evaluable patients with RCC, but was associated with acute renal toxicity, which the authors proposed might be immune related 60. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and renal cell adenocarcinoma.