BRAF and melanoma: Villanueva et al revealed that a combination therapy involving a MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) and v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) inhibitor may be an effective strategy to conquer drug resistance in melanoma (2); acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors mediated by a RAF kinase switch in melanoma may be overcome by co-targeting MEK and IGF-1R/PI3K; and iii) increasing the uptake and accumulation of antitumor drugs using therapeutic nanoparticles or liposomes for drug delivery (3–5).