These findings are consistent with our results that found 9 stress-associated proteins (HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, GRP78, HSPA1A, GRP75, HSPA8, HSPD1, HSPE1 and HSPB1) which were up-regulated in HCC tumors and were involved in the anti-apoptosis and antigen processing and presentation pathways. This evidence concerns the gene HSPA9 and hepatocellular carcinoma.