One overlapping feature is that various defects in TNF signaling pathways, acting through the TNF receptors and NFkB in autoreactive T cells, occur in both human and mouse models of various autoimmune disorders, including Crohn’s disease, Sjogren’s syndrome, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, and type I diabetes (20–39). Here, NFKB1 is linked to autoimmune disease.