IL4 and cancer: According to the literature data, the reduction of IFN-γ and IL-2 and increased levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in serum may be considered as a predictive biomarker for unfavorable prognosis in some forms of HPV-induced cancers as a shift from Th-1 to Th-2 cytokines observed in metastases and in later stages of carcinogenesis [16,43].