KCNE1 and atrial fibrillation: Downregulation of KCNE1 using siR-KCNE1 shortened the AERP of RA (64±4 vs. 86±3 ms, P < 0.05) and increased the inducibility and duration of AF (4/6 vs. 2/6; 47, 53, 62, 64 vs. 46, 54 s) (Figures 3A, 4A).