Studies in Caucasian populations have demonstrated associations between LN and several gene polymorphisms including STAT4, ITGAM, TNIP1, FAM167A-BLK, programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1), tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), tumour necrosis factor superfamily 4 (TNFSF4), apolipoprotein H (APOH, encoding beta-2-glycoprotein I), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), Fcγ receptor (FcγR), XK, Kell blood group complex subunit-related family member 6 (XKR6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) genes, though with inconsistent results [8]–[19]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and lobular neoplasia.