Researchers suggested a novel model of how MDS stroma affects haemopoiesis, where expansion of CXCL12+ expressing MSCs in MDS stroma may expose adjacent CD34+ HSPCs to increased contact-mediated signaling with CXCL12-expressing cells, probably providing CD34+ HSPCs with abnormal survival, proliferation, or homing signaling [26–30]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and myelodysplastic syndrome.