TNF and major depressive disorder: These analyses resulted in significant differences in BrainAGE of 3.4 years for smoking duration (p = 0.004), 4.1 years for alcohol intake (p = 0.003), 5.5 years for fasting blood glucose (p = 0.02), 5.4 years for TNFα (p = 0.006), 5.6 years for verbal fluency (p = 0.001), and 5.4 years for depression scores (p = 0.002).