KISS1R and breast cancer: Kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling had been reported not only to be proapoptotic in most studies, as it has been found to suppress the Akt pathway [33], activate the RhoA-Rock/RhoA pathway, and cause apoptosis in a breast cancer the HEK-236 cell line [34], but also to be anti apoptotic in others, as it has been found to inhibit TNF alpha induced Rho signaling, thereby inhibiting apoptosis [35].