Gamallo et al reported that β-catenin nuclear localization was correlated with improved survival in early stage ovarian carcinomas, while Lee et al revealed that 23% positivity of β-catenin nuclear localization in HGSOC and they suggested that it was one of the mechanisms for tumorigenicity in HGSOC possibly through activation of the TCF/β-catenin pathway (14,26). This evidence concerns the gene HNF4A and ovarian carcinoma.